The death of landscape has been heralded some time ago; and yet, for at least the past ten years, we have witnessed its significant return in planning practice. Indeed, there is a consensus aiming to turn landscape into a pertinent object of the urban project; landscape is a crucial element both in that it can guarantee the coherence of a project, framing it within the larger planning scale (green infrastructure, blue infrastructure…) and in that it mediates between distinct urban institutions or structures (nature, organisation, technical networks, etc.).
In fact, this interest in landscape comes from its relatively unfocused nature. In terms of planning, the logic of landscape is determined by what sociology of sciences and techniques has labelled “boundary-objects”: these are objects with vague borders allowing a confluence of different social spheres. Landscape is a space where interdisciplinary knowledge, heterogeneous rationalities and various interests meet and sometimes clash when trying to define the place of intervention and thus a consequent spatial response.
In more unusual cases, landscape can be mobilised as a last resort to create coherence a posteriori, what we call a naturalisation process: the site has untouchable features and it would have been suitable to convert it following these features.
Thus, landscape is at the same time a method of analysis, a tool of mediation and a mode of argumentation.
To “landscape” and “make the landscape” also means enrolling resources (water, time, culture, identities) to foster a spatial response. Hence, the unfocused nature of landscape becomes an advantage, marking landscape as analogous of public space: a space which organizes the encounter between elements distant in time and space to create a social unity.
It is precisely the efficiency of the indecisiveness of landscape that this colloquium would like to address. With this aim in mind, we will follow three threads:
The first thread targets the ‘sensibilities’ of landscape; indeed, landscape is a space where interventions on the living environment become perceptible, because they are visible. That is what we intend by ‘sensibilities’, or, in other words, a sense for landscape. The ‘sensible’ landscape is a place where “what changes” manifests itself; a place where an apperception happens; a place of mobilisation – in the sense of rallying for a cause. We will consider conflicts of uses and rationalities that emerged along landscape projects. We will also try to understand to what extent the different actors of landscape controversies affect landscape. For instance, is landscape mobilised in such discourses because it participates to what makes the beautiful, the right, the adequate? In the long run, collective mobilisations following these initial ‘sensibilities’ can be analysed. We will thus also consider the issue of the identity of landscapes in planning. The issue of landscape sensibilities also has to consider a patrimonial issue, that of the roots to valorise in landscape projects – the “untouchable” features from which landscape can emerge.
The second thread will deal with the capacity of landscape to function as a meeting point of heterogeneous fields of knowledge and interests. These are different if not even divergent. Communication proposals gathered in this section will pay close attention to the identification of participation tools in landscape projects — this from a reflexive and critical point of view. We will also consider the temporalities of landscape sequences: at what time during the project do we resort to landscape, at what time to we construct landscape? During the diagnostic phase (what matters) or during the project phase (what will matter)?
Finally, the third thread will deal with the issue of landscape mobilisations in a more literal way: it will prove useful to document the way in which city- and territory-makers employ landscape; to describe the modalities of action which distinguish landscape. The point here is to develop an understanding of practical operations and mediations, actions which allow the space to ‘talk’ in order to adapt itself to the planning project, to describe the landscape in process in what regards urbanism, planning tools and an argumentative strategy (contextual integration, micro-role of structuration of the surface area…). It will also be important to consider here the historical variations of the “rules of composition” of landscape concerning territorial projects.
Through these three focal points, we will try to understand if – and how – landscape can become a unifying element of the urban project.
Communicational proposals can be research presentations (in the standard form of an academic colloquium) or practical presentations [download].
8 AM – 8.30 AM: Reception – Institut national genevois (promenade du Pin 1)
8 AM – 9 AM : Opening of the colloquium – salle A
9 AM – 10.30 AM : Section 1.1 – salle A : Paysage en projet I
Moderator: Elena Cogato Lanza, maître d’enseignement et de recherches, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne.
9 AM – 10.30 AM : Section 1. 2 – salle B : Paysage en partage I
Moderator: David Gaillard, chargé de recherches, Fondation Braillard Architectes.
10.30 AM – 10.50 AM : PAUSE
10.50 AM – 12.20 AM : Section 2.1 – salle A : Paysage en partage II
Moderator: Yves Bonard, chef de projet, Service d’urbanisme de la Ville de Lausanne.
10.50 PM – 12.20 PM : Section 2.2 – salle B : Paysage en méthode
Moderator: Frédéric Pousin, professeur, École nationale supérieure de paysage de Versailles.
12.20 PM – 2 PM : PAUSE
2.15 PM – 2.45 PM : Section 3.1 – salle A : Paysage en projet II
Moderator: David Gaillard, chargé de recherches, Fondation Braillard Architectes.
2.15 PM – 2.45 PM : Section 3.2 – salle B : Paysage en émergence
Moderator: Laurent Matthey, directeur scientifique, Fondation Braillard Architectes.
3.45 PM – 5.30 PM : PAUSE
4 PM – 5.30 PM : Section 4.1 – salle A : Paysage en projet III
Moderator: Christophe Mager, maître d’enseignement et de recherches, Institut de géographie de l’Université de Lausanne.
4 PM – 5.30 PM : Section 4.2 – salle B : Paysage perçu, vécu, narré
Moderator: Laurent Matthey, directeur scientifique, Fondation Braillard Architectes.
5.30 PM – 6 PM : Wrap-up of the colloquium – salle A
Institut national genevois, Promenade du Pin 1, CH – 1204 Genève.
Wednesday, 25 April 2012, 08:00-18:00.
Mandatory inscription
Founded in 1987, the Fondation Braillard Architectes (FBA) is active in the fields of research in urban studies and city sciences, valorisation and conservation of the architectural heritage of the 20th century, and aid toward innovative achievements in architecture and urbanism.
Fondation Braillard Architectes, 16 rue Saint-Léger, 1205 Genève, info@braillard.ch, www.braillard.ch